מדריך חיפוש
Renée Reichmann Papers
PWA0033
Project Witness
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רשימת תכולה
6 יחידות תיאוריות באוסף זה.
פריט Rescue of Jews in Budapest, 1944-1945 1944-1945 The crowning achievement of her work was the rescue of at least 1200 Jews in Budapest during the war's final agonizing months, in the latter half of 1944 and early 1945. Switzerland, who then allocated many thousands of dollars from Vaad Hatzalah funds for her project. (Dispatching money was not a simple matter, and most of the time circuitous routes were used.) Vaad Hatzalah in New York granted her official status as its representative in Tangier, which among other things, enabled her to make free use of the War Refugee Board communications system. It also gave her added stature in dealing with both the American charge d'affaires and the Spanish Government. HER CROWNING ACHIEVEMENT The crowning achievement of her rescue work was the rescue of at least 1200 Jews in Budapest during the war's final agonizing months, in the latter half of 1944 and early 1945. This extraordinary effort began soon after the occupation of Hungary. Jews were seeking all means of avoiding the Nazi measures of forced ghettoization and then deportation to Auschwitz. One of the few ways of evading the Nazi net was by obtaining a foreign passport, which with a few notable exceptions was generally respected by the Germans. Such an escape route, by means of bogus papers, was pioneered by the Sternbuchs in 1941, through the "purchase" of Latin American passports, especially Paraguayan, and was emulated by several, but not all, other Jewish organizations. These life-giving documents were expensive, costing from 500 to 3,000 SF each. Only Salvadoran citizenship papers were given gratis by George (Mandel) Mantello. His assistant, Dr. Mattieux Muller¹, in charge of "producing" these papers, was a refugee from France, where he had headed its Agudath Israel office for a half century. Within ten days, the previously mentioned Swiss press campaign triggered a world-wide protest by the Pope, Roosevelt, Churchill, and King Gustave of Sweden (who then dispatched Wallenberg) against the Nazi decimation of Hungarian Jewry. On July 7, Hungary's Regent Admiral Miklos Horthy ordered the halt in deportations from Budapest to Auschwitz, despite pressures by Eichmann to complete the Final Solution in Hungary, which by this time had taken the lives of about a half million Jews. This created a new and more promising situation for the surviving 150-200,000 Jews in and around Budapest. For the first time, Sweden, Switzerland, Spain, the Papal Nuncio and 4. Muller had been introduced in 1943 to Mantello by Chaim Yisroel Eiss, another Agudah rescue activist in Switzerland, who had long been active in obtaining Latin American papers and in sending food packages to the Polish ghettos with the support of the Swiss Agudah and American Zeirei Agudath Israel youth organization, headed by Reb Elimelech Tress and Harry Goodman of London, secretary of World Agudath Israel, and important rescue activist. The Germans even gave some sort of protective status to holders of Palestinian Certificates as British subjects (enemy aliens), rather than being considered as totally defenseless, stateless. As a result of the recognition of the Latin America papers, especially the Salvadoran citizenship papers, the Swiss were able to convince the Hungarian Government to provide protective status to the holders of "Palestine Certificates." TORAH TAPES ON MEGILOS & PESACH HAGGADAH BY RABBI RALPH PELCOVITZ of Congregation-Knesseth Israel (The White Shul, Far Rockaway, N.Y.) Noted Rabbi Lecturer & Author Discourses on: The Five Megilos & Pesach Haggadah - Analysis, Interpretation & Commentary 1. Megilas Esther 2. Pesach Haggadah Part I 3. Pesach Haggadah Part II 4. Shir Hashirim 5. Megilas Ruth 6. Eichah 7. Kohelles Please send me the following: ☐ Complete Set..... ☐ Individual Tapes. (Indicate above) . $40.00 $7.00 Prices include postage & handling Name Address Make checks payable to: Knesseth Israel Harbotzas Torah Fund Send your order to Knesseth Israel Harbotzas Torah Fund P.O. Box 263, Lawrence, New York 11559 JO 90 29
פריט Rena Reichman and the Rescue Connection in Tangier February 1991 Dr. David Kranzler The bleak era of the Holocaust was relieved by very few bright spots; one of them was a small network of Orthodox rescue activists located throughout the free world: in the U.S., Britain, Switzerland, Turkey, Eretz Yisroel, Sweden, and Tangier. Only recently have some of their extraordinary efforts come to light. These people were not professional relief or even communal workers, or heads of Jewish defense organizations. They were rabbis, roshei yeshiva, laymen and women, whose dedication to the Torah's dicta of areivus (collective responsibility), pikuach nefesh (rescue), and pidyon shevuyim (redemption of captives) catapulted them to leadership in unchartered arenas, and guided them to resort to unorthodox means of rescue which the Jewish establishment was loathe to use. Several books have been written on the topic, notably Thy Brother's Blood, by David Kranzler, author of the following article. Among the fifteen chapters in the book portraying heroic efforts to rescue Jewish lives during that tragic period, one deals briefly with the efforts of Mrs. Renee Reichman, "y-a striking example of what a mother and housewife can achieve in times of national crisis. We present the following report on Mrs. Reichmann's remarkable achievements in hatzalah, during this month, marking her first Yahrzeit. ! ע"ה Renee Reichmann and the Tangier Rescue Connection L ESCAPE TO SPAIN ike Mrs. Recha Sternbuch,¹ another woman of valor, Mrs. Reichmann would have preferred to concentrate on the care of her husband and the raising of her children (one teenage daughter and five younger sons) rather than involvement in the life-and-death struggles of European Jewry. Moreover, while the Sternbuchs resided as citizens in Switzerland, the Reichmanns were refugees in Tangier, Spanish Morocco, and were trying to adjust to their new environment. But the call of destiny does not wait for convenience. Scion of the well-known Gestetner family, Renee hailed from Gyor while her husband came from Beled, both in Hungary. The Reichmanns were living in Vienna where Reb Shmaya (Samuel) had established a thriving wholesale egg business. Following the Anschluss, in March 1938, when Hitler marched into Austria, the Reichmanns sought a safe haven in Paris. Their respite in France was rather short, however, for on Erev Shavuos, with the rapid collapse of the French Army, the Reichmanns made a hasty flight southward, a few steps ahead of the Nazi troops. They readily obtained a ten-day transit visa through Spain and wended their way toward the southern border. Mr. Reichmann went ahead into Spain to explore the situation. He had no problems at the border, where not even his passport was de- The Jewish Observer, February 1991
פריט Solicitation for Visas for Holocaust Survivors, 1946 25 February 1946 10 so gufer enior Ferosir Caspiacu 2. R.AAC. C.M.F. Mrs. Renée (Expe Reichmann Rue Molera 25 Tanger Dear Mrs. Reichmann, Rome, 25 February 1946- You probably will have received already my letter dated 8 January 1946 which I sent you to Madrid. I am waiting for your answer and settlement. Today I want you to do me another favour. It is urgently necessary to get visas to enter Tanger for some families whom I list below. After these visas will have been granted it would be possible to bring these people away from their present residence. The authorization for the issue of the visas may be sent to the representative of the Government of Tanger, in Rome, an official confirm or a legalized copy may be sent to me. Certainly I am prepared to cover all expenses you will have for this matter. I thank you in advance very much and remain, with the best regard: Yours, JACOB GRIFFEL m.p. Henryk Griffel, born 16.9.1910 his wife Pauline born 8.6.1918 their child Mark born 16.1.1943 Felicia Werchajzer born 5.5.1920 Sidonie Grünfeld Frieda Koppel, Budapest 12.8.1885 Carmen Weitmann, Wiener Neustadt 15.1.1915 Alexander Weitmann, Krakow 11.6.1939
פריט Letter from Renee Reichmann Regarding Jewish Refugees in Tanger 18.1.d.J. Ramine Reichmann Tanger 25 e Moliere Franger, dar, 196 se walvenage for at foderes North Jakob Roven the most bar bass at va mah Rosenho Agudas Israel World Organization, New York ceb Neff CY Dear Mr. Rosenheim; I confirm your esteemed letter from 18.1 of this year and thank you for your previous correspondence. In response to this, I have recently obtained 100 Tangier transit visas and necessary Spanish transit visas. Of these, I have sent 8 for young girls to Belsen. They have already arrived in Paris, and I expect their receipt in the coming days. Others I have sent to Sweden, also for young girls, who are already on the ship to Tangier. I am waiting for young Orthodox men from France and Italy. I have compiled a list of 60 entry permits from Rabbi Schleume Baumgarten for young girls held in Belsen. For the procurement of these entry permits, I required a material guarantee which I received from the Joint in Tangier. Regarding the situation in Tangier concerning religious and material matters, I reported in a letter from 10 of this year to Agudas Israel N.Y. We ourselves do not intend to remain here; we are only waiting to help the few surviving members of our families from Europe and to travel together to Palestine or America. Tangier is not suitable for religious Jews to remain, and marrying off the girls here is completely out of the question. The purpose of my work regarding the girls is based on Rabbi Baumgarten's view that remaining further in Belsen can harm not only physically but also morally. It is likely that I can obtain the material guarantee from the Joint for additional persons; however, the city is small and there is a great shortage of housing, which already concerns me regarding the accommodation of 1000 persons. Insofar as it concerns young people, I have the moral responsibility, or rather, I must take on the oversight. Helping a few hundred of these unfortunate people from the camp would only be possible if I could obtain affidavits with your help, Mr. Rosenheim, as soon as possible, preferably collectively, and insert the names here. There are certainly many pious families there who would like to assist orphans in establishing their new lives. Since the situation in Europe has been very critical for years, almost all have prepared for emigration by fully acquiring a trade. This eases the responsibility of the affidavit giver. Should I receive the affidavits, I could immediately send another entry permit, and until the new people arrive, the first can continue on. I have received an invitation to the Agudas Conference in London, and before receiving your esteemed letter, I also intended to take this opportunity to request the Agudas delegates from Palestine and America to assist my young people on a secure and stable basis, as I want them to be provided for before my departure. I believe I can obtain travel expenses from the Hicem (HIAS) N.Y. I would like to request your assistance if you have connections to HIAS, to obtain their consent in principle.
פריט Telegram about Jewish Transport from Theresienstadt, Tangier, 1945 9. fevrier 1945 Monsieur V Tangier, February 9, 1945. Rives Childs American Chargé d'Affaires Tangier. Please excuse me for disturbing you, but knowing your cordial interest in the unfortunate Jews of Europe occupied by the enemy, I believe that you would be pleased to know that a certain number have been saved, as I learn from a telegram received this morning from Switzerland, the exact translation of which is as follows: Montreux 4040 57 7 21 11 Banatdio REICHMANN TANGIER. THIS MORNING 11:45 ARRIVAL FIRST TRANSPORT OF JEWS FROM THERESIENSTADT STOP THIS TRANSPORT WAS ALLOWED TO LEAVE BY THE GERMANS AT THE INTERVENTION OF ALTBUNDESRAT NUSY (HIGH COUNCILOR OF STATE) WHO HAS BEEN ELECTED FROM US FOR THIS MISSION OF THE EUROPEAN EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF THE UNION OF ORTHODOX RABBIS OF AMERICA AND CANADA STOP GERMANY HAS DECLARED TO ALLOW OTHER TRANSPORTS OF JEWS TO FOLLOW! As a result of this, I hope that the entry permission to Tangier, which has been granted due to your very valiant intervention for the 500 children and the 700 Jews, can also be utilized. Please accept, Monsieur, the expression of my highest consideration. Renée Reichman
פריט Correspondence on kosher food and visas, 1945-1949 1945-1949 (Representative: 41 193 ITALY Manfred Danzig) 1945-1949 Correspondence, memos and reports dealing with procurement of kosher food and visas, the status of specific cases, and religious education (includes reports by Manfred Danzig and Jacob Griffel, Vaad representative in Turkey (1945-1948]) 194 195 Same (very poor condition) Same 196 Same MORROCO 1943-1948 1945-1946 1947 1947 1948-1949 (Representative: Mrs. Renee Reichman) FOOD PARCELS, VISAS, RESCUE OF CHILDREN 1943-1948 41 197 198 Correspondence, memos, telegrams, receipts (includes receipts of packages received in Theresienstadt, postmarked Auschwitz (1944); Spanish Red Cross entry permits (1945); letter from Renee Reichman, Vaad representative in Tangiers, listing all refugees and rescue activities in Tangiers from 1941-1945 [Oct. 2, 1946]) 1943-1948 Invoices and bills for parcels distributed to refugees in Tangiers 1945 42 199 NORWAY 1947 Letter from Chief Rabbi of Norway, Rabbi Goldman 1947 40